Lock



Dec. 4,1928. 1,693,731

C. F. SIOBERG LOCK Filed Sept. 20, l92-4 3 Shee'LS--Sl'leefl 2 MSWQS 14228 ,f1-3

INVENTOR Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATESv v1,693,731 PATENT oF-Fica CHARLES FREDERICK SIOBEEG, OFYORK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO'iYORK SAIE i AND LOCK CO.,OF YORK,PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OE DELAWARE.

Loox.

Appiicanon iiieiisepiembr eo, i924. Y serial Np. 7,325,736.

This invention relates to a lock, andv aims to provide an improveddevice of this character which Will incorporate aV changeablecombination or permutation in that the mechanism thereof will be suchthat it may be set to be operated by means of diiferent keys.v i It isan object of the invention .to provide an improved .deviceof the typestated which will citer a freedom from mechanical difliculties.

A further object resides in the construction oit a lock the permutationmechanism of which may readilybe reset without subse quent manualadjustments or disassembly of the lock being necessary. f

A still further object'is to be predicated on the provision of animproved lock which may not be readily opened without the use `of theproper keys.'

An additional object is that ot'providinga lock which will` efficient-lyperform the pur.- poses for which it is intended, and which will also beeconomically and readilyymanufactured and assembled. y

Other objects of the invention will in p art lbe obvious and willl part`appear herein- V after.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction,combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will beexemplied inthe construction hereinafter set forth andthe scope of theapplicationof which will .be indicated in the claims.`

For aV fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the inventionreference should' be had to the following detailed description' takenlin connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: y i

Fig. 1 is a front eleva-tion of one forni of lock, embodying theimproved construction of the present invention, with portions of thecover thereof cutaway morder to disclose the underlying mechanism; n

Fig. 2 is a partly sectional view similar to Fig. 1, but showing thecover removed;

Fig. 3 shows the loch with the auxiliary tumblers, washers, and stumpmembers ifemovedy therefrom Fig. 4lillustrates the parts with the :mainwasher removed and the'guard tumbler in its locked or initial position;i i v Fig'. 5 is a View corresponding to Fig. 4, but showing the guardtumbler in its secondary as well as unlocked positions;l 4 i Fig.r 6 isa view correspondingto Fig. V 2,

but showing the bolt in its normally retracted position;v Y l f Fig. 7is al similar-view, but Ashowing the boltin its lfully retractedposition, andwith the main stump member fully retracted with respect tothe master tumbler;

Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on the lines 8--8 and inthedirection of the arrows indicated inFig. 2; y 'L Fig'. 9 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 8, but taken "along the lines 9-9 and inftlie the arrowsindicated in Fig.V 6'; i Figs. 10 and -11 are fragmentary sectional planviews of the bolt and casing, adillii'strating the cooperationibetweencertain operations of the lock mechanism when the rfp'laf'rts assumeeither Ythe position shown lin Figs. 1 to 6, orin Fig. 47,respectivel-y;`

i Fig. 12 is a view similar toFig. 6,but shoyv` ing the mechanism duringtheresettingoperations; .Y V A 13 illustrates one of the washers vusedin associationYwith the stumpmembers ;n and Fig. 14 shows in detail theconstruction'of the bolt-shank. i l

In the present instance the `invention has" been exemplified asincorporated in a lock of that nature which is particularly ladapted foruse Iinassociation with safe deposit boxes. It will Vbe understood,',howevei, that the invention might be applic-dto advantage in numerousdifferent other associationshand that the construction ofthe vlock mightnbe moditied to meer `the variousconditions ofoperation encountered. Y

y.'lhusin the present instance, the referonce numeral '16 indicates alock casing having an angular end-portion 17 forii'ied` with an openingfor the passage ot a bolt-headlS, it being noted that the outer edgeoft' this head is also formed to extend in a plane/substantiallyparallel to that of the outer edge of the casing. y

In order to effect aretraction and projection of the `bolt-'headtlielatter conveniently has a rearwardly-extending shank` in the na--tureuof a plate 19, which may lie adjacent,

and-is movable relatively to, lthe inner face of the casing. The outerplate 20 which is carried by the lock'casing 16 is-h'eld immovablerelatively to the same preferably by the use ofscrews 21 anda projectingportion 22, and is formed with an opening serving as a mountingfor ahub-bearing 23 and a kevhub 24. This hub extends transversely of theitalon.

lock and carries at its inner end a talon 25 so that, assuming a key ofthe proper type be inserted into the key-slot 26 which forms a partofthe hub 24, the latter may beturned in order to correspondingly rockthe talon 25, which latter lies adjacent the inner faceot the casing 16and the plate 19 which forms the shank of the bolt. l

This shank is provided with a recess, the forward edge 27 of which has acurvature corresponding to the degree of curvature of the path of travelof the outer edge-portion of the talon 25, and the edge of this recess,as, for example in Fig. et, normally lies at points where it will beconcentric with the axis and in sliding contact with the outer edge ofthe The recess formed in the shank is continued at points beyond theedge 27 in the form of a notch 28, the rear edge of which, in thepresent instance, is of materially greater length than the forward edgethereof,

and the rear edge of this recess is curved as at 29, the degree ofcurvature being equal to the degree of curvature of the edge 27, the

purpose of this construction being herein afterV brought out. l

However, at this time it will be understood that, in operation, with thetalon moving in .the manner aforcdescribed, the same will have a path oftravel under which its outer edge will be in sli-ding contact with thefor- Ward edge v27 of the vshank recess, and this travel may becontinued until the rear edge of the talonengages the rear wall of thenotched portion 28` at which point pressure will be brought to'bear uponthe latter', re-

sulting in a retraction of the bolt-shank, and, consequently, the head18 carried thereby. Under this condition it will be obvious that theforward edge 27 of the recess has been moved to a` point at which itintersects the path of travel of the talon. Due to the fact that if aprojection of the bolt is desired the talon will engagethe forward edgeof the notched portion 28 until it is capable of slid-V ing beyond theoutermost port-ion of the same, it will be'obvious that the parts willreturn tol their normal position and the bolt may thus be againprojected.

Now, with va view to providing nieans which will serve to prevent aretraction of the bolt unless exactly those keys are utilized which arenecessary for this operation, it will be observed that in the presentinstance the bolt-shank at a point in advance of its recess portionmounts a series of stump members, which, for present purposes, may bedivided into twoA groups, one of which coinprises that stump memberwhich cooperates with the guard tumbler, the secondy group embracing thestump members which coop crate withthe auxiliary` tumblers,-the two"groups being preferably separated by means of a washer 30, whichmay'also be supported by the bolt-shank. One of the most conven- 31,having one of their ends secured to the shank, theirI bodies extendingthrough openings in the body of the main stump member 32 and similaropenings in the body of the washer 30, the pins *atl points beyond thewasher 30 extending through slots 33 formed inthe bodies 34k of theauxiliary stump members. The guard tumbler previously referred'toembraces a body 35, which is carried within the casing by meansof atransversely-extending pin 36, which latter extends througha slot 37formed in the rear end of the body 35, the-guard tun'ibler being furthersupported by having its lower edge normally resting upon the extensionof the key-hub 24. The rear end of the main. separating washer 30 mayalso be supported by the pin 36 by having its rear edge formed with anotch 38, thus providing arms, the inner e-dges of which ride upon thepin. Similarlyv to the guard tumbler 35, the bodies 39 of the auxiliarytumblers have their lower edges normally resting upon the extension ofthe hub member 24, and the rear ends of each of the'auxiliary tumblersare formed with openings of a size equal to the size of the pin. 36, sothat they rock therearound, it being thus obvious that -serve to preventany binding of the parts, as

well as any possibility of an appreciable sidewise movement andymisalignment of the stump members. In addition to the forcgoing,washers 40 are preferably of such a size, as has been clearly brought.out in Fig. 13, as to substantially cover the area embraced by theauxiliary stump members. fis a con sequence, it is impracticable for aperson to 'determine the setting` of the lock by merely examining thesame, in that it liecomes necessary to remove the washers covering eachstump member in order to ascertain the disposition thereof. lVhile onthis subject it will also be noted that theauxiliarytumblers may beseparatedfrom one another by means of the washers l1 mounted upon thepin 36 and interposed one between each pair of tumblers so that anybinding ofthese parts is also prevented. Y

The forward edge of each of the tul blers 39 is formed with a notch l2of a sizesr lient to accommodate the stump 4.3 of an adjacent auxiliarylocking stump 311, it being noted in this latter connection-andattention being particularlyinvite-d to Figs. 1 and 2--that` lil()'normal locked position of the `parts itV has itsA rear edge lyingadjacent to, and bearing against, a Yforward edge-portion of theadjacent auxiliary tumbler 39. As a consequence, it will be obviousthat, the stump members Abeingcarried by the bolt and the tumblermembers being carried by the casing, la retraction of the Vboltispreventedincident to this engagement. However, assuming that the stumpand tumbler members are so moved 4relatively toeach other that the rearends of in a recess formed in the bolt-headfand acting Y against thestem 46 which. supports the dog.

`rlhe Vforward edge of each of the rauxiliary stump members presentsv aseries of teeth 47, and the rear face ot the dog has a transversegroove, provided, in the present instance, by utilizing a pair ofribs,48, so that, due to the fact that the teeth 47 lie adjacent this reartace, itv will beunderstood that one ot the series of teeth presented byeach auxiliary stump member will extend into the groove presented by thelocking dog in order to normally prevent any movement of the parts Awithrespect to each other.

The main stump memberBQ has a stump 49 correspondingto the stumps 43 of`the auxiliary members,y and of such al size as to be readilyaccommodated within a notch 50 in the -orward edge of the guard tumbler,itvbeing thusappreciated that it the guard tumbler is brought toa'point` at which theV mouth of this notch lies adjacent the rear edgeor the stump 49, and furthermore, that it' the auxiliary tumblers arearrangedin what may be termed a Apermutation corresponding tothepermutation provided by the different relative positions occupied bythe stump members 34, in'which vpositions the auxiliary tumblerswillhave their mouths adjacent vthe, rear edgesof the stumps 43 of thesemembers, the bolt may be retracted by swinging the talon 25in the manneraforedescribed. j, Y

Theproper positioning ofthese tumblers will always be assured, in thatlthe permutation under which the stump members are arranged willcorrespond to the permutation provided by the key bittings. Moreparticularly, any key of thev propertype willserve to swing the talon tola certainextent, and` in ,such swinging the `key.` bittings engagingthe loweredges of the vrespective auxiliary tumblers will move the sameagainstftheaction of the springs 53 tooocupy various-posi-A tions, butupon the talon engaging the. rear edge of the notched portion of theshank re- .c'ess itwill be obvious that the bolt lmay not be retracted,due to the tact that the notches i of the variousauxiliarytnmblers willnot1be Y in positions at which theirmouths will be adjacent the rearedges of the stumps, and,;c.on' sequent-ly, the latter will engage theforward or outer edges of the tumblers: to prevent any rearward movementot' the bolt. However, it ay key with its bittings formed to correspondto the permutation under which the stump members are disposed is`inserted through the nose or' the key-l1ub,`it` will be obvious thatthese bittings,upon the key and hub member being -turned,will cause thevauxiliary tumblers to occupy positions. at

which the mouth of the notch of each of the same will come tolieadjacent the stump of the corresponding lmember so that,` accord kingly,the boltmay be freely retracted incident to the fact that the stumpswillenter the notches of the tumblers.

In locks oi" this nature itis customary to'y provide two keys, each ofwhich must be used in order to effect a retraction hot the bolt. Forthis reason there hasfbeen provided in the present instance the guardtumblerand the guard stump member previously referred to. The initialkey, `which is commonly known as the guard key, will be primarilyinserted through the nose of the hub when the latter is in the positionshown in F ig. 1, and

the hitting of this key will be of such a nature o that an extendedportion thereof will ride against the under edge of the guard tumbler`35 andA swing the same upwardly from theV f position shown in F.ig. `4to that illustrated in] F ig. -,land a subsequent reversal in the turmingmovement ot the hub member will `cause the extended portion of ythishittingr to en.- gage a projection 51 extending from the under edge ofthe mastertumbler to -t-h-us carry the same forward tothe positionindicated in dotted lines in the ligure last-'mem tioned, in whichposition the stump 49 of the member 82 will lie within the mouth of thenotch 50, it being noted that for thisand an additional purpose thenotchmay be slightly enlarged or oiset as at 52 adjacent itsmouth portion.`The guard key is now retracted tromwithin the hub24, and a'second key,i.l e., the renters key-for example` that illustrated in F ig. 9fis nowinserted 4in, the hub and turned inorder tofproduce the resultsdescribed in the preceding paragraphs, it'being thus appreciated thatthe master or guard tumbler 35 and stump .49 are initially `disposed in.proper relation, Vand that, subsequently,'the auxiliary tumblers andjstump members are likewise disposed in order to permit a retractionofthe bolt. Itwill fursaA v"tlierniore be understood that when the bolthas been projected by means of the renters key all of the tumblersarereturned to their normal position, this result being obvious inconnection with the auxiliary tumblers, and being apparent in connectionwith the main or guard tumbler in that, in the present instance, themain tumbler is formed with a slot 37 rather than a mere openingaccommodating thepin 36. In other words, while, in the position of theparts illust-rated in Fig. 4 the pin bears against the forward edge ofthis slot, `which condition is continued throughout the operationillustrated in full lines -in Fig. 5, this edge of the slot is moved outof Contact with the pinwhen the parts reach theposition illustrated indotted lines in this last-mentioned ligure. However, due to thefrictional engagement of the parts, cont-act will be resumed between theforward edge of the slot 37, andthe pin 36 upon the bolt beingretracted, and, in fact, it is for this purpose that the offset portion59, is provided adjacent the mouth of the notch 50, it beingunderstood'that thisfoiiset'portion, while not interfering with thepositive entry of ther stump'49 into the notch, will, nevertheless,assure av slightv rearward movement of the main tumbler 35 so thatwhenthe bolt is again projectedthis tumbler may fall orbe rmoved under theinfluence of its spring 53 to the position shown in Fig. 4.

Arretraction of the bolt beyond the position` indicated in Fig. 6 isprevented by virtue of the fact that the bolt-shank is formed with l alrearwardly-ilicing shoulder 54 at its lower edge, and this shoulder isnormally engaged by a movable stop member These parts y are so Varrangedthat when the mechanism reaches the position illustrated in Fig. 6 a

further retraction ofthe bolt is prevented, itv

being understood, however, that this retraction is adequate'to permit ofan opening of the closure with which the lock is associated. If now itis desired to change the permutation of the lock, this may be. done, ina semi-automatic manner, by simply swinging the stop member 55 to aposition beyond the shoulder 54, as in Fig. 7. This swinging operationis accomplished Vpreferably in that the inner wall of the casing carriesa hub-bearing 56 and a. key-hub 57, so that upon the latter being turnedagainst the tendency of the spring 58, and incident. to the fact thatthe. stop is carried by thehub member, this stop may be swungto theposition previously referred to. As a consequence, a continued turningof the key by means of which the bolt has been retracted will permit thetalon 25 to slidably bear againstV the rear edge of the notch portion 28until the rear edge 29 of the recess is moved to a position permittingthe outer edge of the talon to slide over the same. Under this conditionthe bolt and shank will be retracted to the extent shown in Fig. 7, inwhich position of the parts the stop 55 is prevented from interferingwith the rearward movement or the shoulder andthe key which has been`with a proj ectionl, also riding within this slot. During normaloperation-of the parts, i. e., locking and unlocking movements of thebolt, this mechanism in the present instancc'will not have anyparticular function other than serving as a guidej However, if the partsare moved from the position shown in Figli to-that illustrated in Fig.7, the extension 59 will engage with the projection G1 so that upon thebolt being fully retracted the dog 44 will have its stem 46 retractedagainst the pressure exerted by the spring 45. 1 This retraction willobviously resultin-the teeth of the auxiliary stump members moving outof engagement with the lgroove presented-by the dog so that the stumpmembers will be free to l ride upon the pins 31, and due to the factthat the stumps 43 are extending into the notches v members, with theexception of that indicated` at 32, will be in their neutral position,itbeing understood that it is necessary to.

change the setting of the locking stump 49 or the guard tumbler, due tothe fact that in the present instance, a guard key of a particulartype'will always be used. l

A renters key having different fittings from that previously used maynow be inserted in the key slot of the extension of that hub member, andit will be obvious that upon turning this element in order to projectthe bolt the following sequence of operations will result: First, thevarious auxiliary tumblers, together with the stump members will rbemoved to assume a permutation corresponding to the positions occupied bythenew key fittings. After once assuming these positions the stumpmembers will have their teeth engaged by the groove of the dog 44, whichis moved from the position shown in Fig. 11 to that illustratedr in Fig.10. Subsequently, the stop 55 will swing to a positionbehind theshoulder 54 due to the tendency exerted'by the.

In this pofact that the'permutationof the lock has been automaticallyreset, it is no longer practicable to effect aretraction of the bolt bythe use of the guard key and previously employed renters key, this boltmay readily be retracted by en'iploying the guard key, together withthat renters key which has been utilized toreset the permutation.

' From the'foregoing it will be'understood that a lock is providedvofthe change-key type, and this lock is of such a nature that no dangerexists of the setting becoming disarranged 'in that lthe permutationunder which y When this mechanism is adjusted or `rearrangedto beoperatedv by *means of lthe keyv having a different 'arrangement' offrom that previously used.

In other Words." according to the illustrated bittings embodiment thelocking stumps `vvillj'be pre-V vented from movement relatively to eachother andto the bolt, even though the guard key and renters key arefreely used. However, these members may be automaticallyY reset andmoved with respectv to the bolt after the stop 57 has been turned topermit of the bolt being fully retracted, and this resetting will beaccomplished before the normal operating position is again reached, i.e., before the different renters key has projected the bolt-shank to aposition at which the stopmember 55 comes to lie behind the shoulderQuiteirrespective of the foregoing it Will be additionally observedythat in the presentVV exen'ipliication, incident to the fact that the ytumblers are mounted at a point remote from the points of engagementWith the locking stumps, and still more remote from the points ofmounting of the latter, a maximum movement of the tumblersy and, duringresetting operations, a `maXimum movement `of the stump members,` isassured. Thus, it is practicable ,toA make the parts relatively ruggedof construction, and assurance may be had that the mechanism of the`lock Will function With a freedom from mechanical ditliculties. ,l Y cFrom the foregoing it Will be appreciated that the objects of thisinvention have been accomplished, and since certain changes may be madein the above 4construction and different embodiments of the inventioncould be made Without departingl from the scope thereof, it is intendedthat allmatter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanying drawings shall be `interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense.

bolt tofia `predetermined point; Without dis-` turb'ingl said`first-namedmeans, means Where-` .eratively connecting ,Withfsaid lockedmeans i Itisalso tobeunderstood that the followi ying claims areintended "to coverv all of the generic fand specific features "of the`invention'here'in described, and all statements of the scope of theinvention which as a matterof languagemight be said toffall therebe-Having describ'edgmy invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1s: Q

A locl\:,"1ncluclmg, 1n combination, a casldcked means normallypreventing a retraction of said bolt, means yfor retractmg said ingandaboltmovable With respect thereto, A

`enE

by said'bolt maybe retractedbeyond'said pref determined point, and meansassocia-ted withv said casing adyacent said Ibolt, said meansopl duringsuch further'retraction of th'eboltto automatically unlock saidlockedmeans. L 2. A lock, including, in combination, acasin g, a kboltslidableWithin said casing, a series 1 of members movably carried by said bolt,a series of tumblers carried by said casing and normally cooperatingWith said members to prevent, a retraction of said bolt, means mountedfor movement in a straight line slidably associated with said boltandnormallycooperating With said members to lock the y same againstmovement With respect to saidk bolt, and means associatedwith saidcasing and cooperating with said last-named means to move the same withrespect to said bolt and unlock said members during-a certain stage inthe retraction of said bolt. f

3. A lock, including, in combination, a casf ing, a bolt slidable Withinsaid casing, a series of members'movably carried by said bolt, a

ueA

series of tumblers carried by said casing and y normally cooperatingwith said members to preventa retraction `of Vsaid bolt, means mountedfor movement in a straight line slidably associated With said bolt andnormally cooperating with saidv members to lock the salme againstmovement with respect to said bolt, said bolt being formed with anlopening,

and a pin carried by said casing and extending throughsaid opening andin thepathof travel o'tsaid last-named means whereby during'a certainstage in the retraction of said bolt said pin will engage said rmeans tounlock said members. y Y,

4.. A lock, including, in combination, a casing, a bolt slidably mountedWithin'said casing, stump members movably carried by said bolt, aplurality of tumblers associated with said casing and normallycooperating `with said members to prevent a retraction of said bolt,said ltumblers being formed with notches for the'accommodation ofthestumps of. said members Vwhereby said bolt may be retracted to apredetermined point, a locking dog associated With said bolt andengaging said members to normally prevent movement. thereof, and meansfor automatically moving sald dog out of locking engagement with said A.bolt, said tumblers being formed with notches for the accommodationiofthe stumps of said members whereby said bolt may be retracted to apredetermined point, a spring-pressed locking dog` slidably carried bysaid bolt and n bearing against said members to normally prevent amovement'thereof, and means for forcing said dog out of contact withsaid members upon said bolt vbeing retracted beyond a predeterminedpoint. f

6. A lock, including, in combination, a casing, a bolt sli'dably mountedwithin said casing, stump members movably carried by said bolt, aplurality of tumblers associated with said casing and normallycooperating with said members to prevent al retractionl of said bolt,said tumblers being formed withnotches for the accommodation of thestumps `of said members whereby said bolt may beretracted to'apredetermined point, a locking dog asso-V ciated with said bolt andengaging saidme'mbers to normally prevent movement thereof, said boltbeing formed with a slot, and a pin carried by said casing and extendingthrough said slot into the path of travel ofsaid locking dog wherebywhen the .bolt is retracted beyond a predetermined point said pin willmove said dog out of engagement with said members.

ing and a bolt movable with respect thereto, lackedv means normallypreventing aretraction oi' said bolt, means for retractmg ksaid bolt toa predetermined` point without dis-g lturbing said irst-named means,andjfurther CHARLES' 'FREDERICK sIoBjnne.- Y

, 4o 7. A lock, including, in combination, a cas-V CERTIFICATE 0FCORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,693,731. Granted December 4, 1928, to

CHARLES FREDERICK SIOBERG.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the *above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4,line 103, for

the word "necessary" read "unnecessary", line 108, for the word"fittings" read "bittings", and line 130, for the vwords "Figs, 1 and 4"read "Figs 1 to 4"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read withthese corrections therein that the same maj,I conform to the record o1the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of February, A. D. 1929.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

